Bookbinding and covering machine.



A.BREDENBERG. BOOKBINDING AND COVERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.19,'1905.

1,073,324, Patented Sept 16,1913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WITNESSES: I INVENTOR ATTORNEY A. BRBDENBBRG.-

BOOKBINDING AND covmme MACHINE. APPLICATION PILET) DEC. 19, 1905.

1,073.324. Patented Sept. 16, 1913 7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTORNEY A. BREDENBERG.

BOOKBINDING AND oovmme MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 19, 1905.

Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY A. BREDENBERG. BOOKBINDING AND COVERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.19, 1905.

Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

.7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSESi fee; m

A. BREDENBERG. BOOKBINDING AND COVERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 19, 1905- Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

I ATTORNEY WITNESSES A. BRBDENBBRGr BOOKBINDING AND COVE RING MACHINE.APPLICATION FILED DEC. 19, 1905. 1 073 324. I Patenfied Sept. 16, 1913.

7 SEE TS-SHEET 6.

r A. BREDENBBi-G. BOOKBINDING AND COVERZNG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILEDDEC. 19, 1905. 1,073,324. I Patented Sept. 16, 1913 7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrion.

ALFRED BREDENBERG, OF CHAMPLAIN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO THESHERIDAN IRON WORKS, A CORPORATION OF NEVJ YORK, AND ONE-EAL TO 'I. W.

& C. J3. SHERIDAN COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

BOOKBINDING AND COVERING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters lPatent.

Patented Sept. 16, 1913..

Application filed December 19, 1905. Serial No. 292,467.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, ALFRED Bnnonnnnne, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Champlain, Clinton county, New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Bookbinding and CoveringMachines,- of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to book binding and covering machines, and whilemore particularly addressed to those machines in which groups of leavesor signatures, which are to constitute the books, are conveyedconsecutively into operative relation with successive mechanismsdesigned to operate thereon, and in the proper order of sequence, forperforming various steps included in the work of binding and covering,various features of the invention may be employed in other relations.Objects of the invention are to provide a machine which shall be ofeconomical construction; which shall occupy a relatively small space;which is capable of operating on books of practically any width of page;and which shall have the various parts'conveniently' and accessiblyarranged,

A further object of the invention is to provide improved parts ormechanisms within the machine for the purpose of performing the variousoperations of binding and covering.

These and other objects of invention will in part be obvious and in partwill more fully appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel parts,

improvements, mechanisms, combinations,

herein and forming a parthcreof, illustrate one embodiment ofthe-invention, the same serving in connection with the descriptionherein to explain the principles of the invention.

Of the drawings: Figures 1 and 2 are plan views of a machine embodyingthe invention, thc'said figures together illustrating'the entiremachine; Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, on the line A-B ofFig. l;'Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line C-]) of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is asectional View illustrating on a larger scale parts shown at the rightin Fig. 4-. Fig. P is a vertical transverse section taken on a plane atright angles to that represented in Fig. 4F. Fig. 5 is a similar view online EF of Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a similar view on line G H of Fig. 1; Fig.7 is a view in left-hand end elevation, taken with reference to Figs. 1and 2; Fig. 7 is a plan view illustrating on a larger scale featuresshown at the right in Fig. 7 Fig. 7 is a side elevation illustrating ona larger scale part of the driving mechanism illustrated in Fig. 7. adetail view of the pressing or smoothing mechanisms; Fig. 9 is a detailsectional view of the holding mechanism for the book; Fig. 10 is adetail view of the feeding-up mechanism for the cover-holding table;Figs. 11 and 12 are detail views of the roughing device; and Fig. 13 isa view showing an arrangement of the parts of a bound and covered book.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the books are conveyedby suitable carrying means from one mechanism to another, each mechanismperforming its functions 1n connection with each book as presented, therespective books during their progress bcin i thus subjected lZOlillBcycle of operations ing and in the proper order. For convenience and foreconomy of time and space, as well as for other reasons, the carrier isconstructed and arranged to travel in an endless path lying in asubstantially horizontal plane and having a plurality of right-linestretches, and the various mechanisms are arranged along the said pathand in a position to operate upon the books when presented to eachmechanism by the carrier. The carrier, according to one feature of theinvention, is arranged so that the greater portion of its extent isdisposed in two parallel stretches, and it is so shown in theillustrated embodiment. Vith a carrier so constructedand arranged thevarious mechanisms which are to operate on the books may be disposed intwo opposed series along the straight stretches of the carrier. By suchan arrangement the floor space occu pied by the machine is greatlyreduced, the various mechanisms taking part in 'tlr:

involved in binding and covcrlies stretches and at various points alongsaid or convenient form, and in the in illustrated, an endless carrier 1is shown arranged-in a substantially horizontal plane and as beingprovided with means for supporting a series of groups of leaves orsignatures, each such roup generally consti tuting a book, and orcarrying such books one by oneto the various mechanisms, which are tooperate upon them to produce the bound and covered book. In thisembodiment the said carrier is arranged, as above indicated, so that alarge part of its extent in comparatively long right-line stretches themechanisms which are constructed and designed to perform themriousoperations upon the books are arranged, and in such order that eachbookwill be carried successively to the various mechanisms in tlie propersequence as regards the operations to be performed, and in the properpositions with reference to the various mechanisms. As shown in Figs. 1and 2 of the drawings, the carrier is disposed in two side by sidesubstantially parallel right-line stretches, along each of which a partof the mechanisms are arranged. A suitable supporting structure for thecarrier, the various mechanisms and the driving and actuating means isprovided.

The driving means may be of any desired present embodiment a form ofsuch means is shown as comprising a power shaft 2, provided with a beltpulle 2", and a shaft 3 arranged parallel with t e shaft 2 and driventherefrom but at a slower speed by any suitable means, such as a trainof gears 3 (see Fig. 7). The various parts and mechanisms are connectedwith these two shafts,"as will be explained.

This invention has for an object the provision of a machine adapted tooperate upon books of practically any dimension measured from the backto the front edges of the leaves. This is effected by providing aconstruction of carrier, bookholder upon the carrier, and guiding andsupporting means for the carrier such that however far the books mayextend beyond their holders they will not interfere with, or beinterfered with by, the carrier and its guiding and supporting means.The articular form of the carrier shown herewi 1 "comprises link membars11 'oined together but freely movable with're erence to each other andhaving holding means for books and means for 00- acting with roper idin,pnd supporting means for ho lding -t grar ier to its path.

In the illustrated embodiment the guiding and supporting means are shownas located at one side of the carrier, the construction and arrangementof the parts be guiding and supporting means. As shown, the guiding andsuporting means comprises a guideway 4 arranged at one side of thecarrier and the said guideway may include two members having opposedgrooves, one arranged vertically over the other, and it is so shown.Suitable means for connecting the carrier and guiding and supportingmeans are provided, and such means are herein shown as comprising guidemembers 5 mounted on the carrier and running in the grooves of theguideway 4:- The guide members 5 are shown as mounted on verticallyarranged axes located at and forming the articulations of the linkmembers 11 of the carrier.

Suitable driving means for the carrier are provided, such means beingherein shown as a wheelor spider 6, comprising upper and lower members(see Fig. 7), each having upon its rim a number of pockets ordepressions 7, adapted to receive the guide members 5. Means forrotating the wheel 6 are provided,-the same being herein shown asincluding a wheel 8 fixed on the shaft of wheel 6 and provided withrolls 9 adapted to engage with a spiral cam 10, shown herein as mountedupon-the shaft 3, the cam and rolls being, arranged so that the carrierreceives an intermittent movement.

In the embodiment of the invention herein shown, the holding means forthe books are disposed on the opposite side of the carrier from theguideway 4, and are so constructed and arranged as to hold the booksubstantially parallel to the guideways 4 (see Figs. 1, 7, and 9). Theparticular form of holding means herein shown constitutes an automaticclamp, and as illustrated, it is provided with spring means for holdingthe groups of leaves or signatures constituting each book in position,said means being adapted to be thrown off or released when a clampholder is in position for receiving or delivering a book. In theillustrated form, the holder comprises a plate 12, which is yieldablyheld to position toward each of the link members 11 of the carrier bysuitable springs, herein shown as spiral springs coiled around the pins13, which pins act as guiding and actuating means for the platen'lzr-z-The boo-k is thus held or meat also the pins 13 are shown fixed to theplates 12 and moving in guide apertures in the link members 11. By th1sarrangement, as will be obvious from lnspectlon of the a drawing, theplates 12 will be pressed toto move the plates 12 away from the linkmembers 11, so as to release the book when it is desired to supply abook to or remove one from the holder.

In accordance with one feature of the invention the various mechanismsfor perfoii'ning successive operations on the book are a *ranged alongthe right line stretches of the carrier, said mechanisms being preferably arranged in opposed series along two parallel stretches.

In the illustrated embodiment the machine is shown as provided with areceiving or feeding-in mechanism, a trimming mechanism, av roughingmechanism, a brushing mechanism, adhesive-applying mechanisms, amechanism forattaching a fiber strip to the book back, a co veiattaching mechanism, a cover-breaking mechanism, a smoothing device forthe cover back, and a delivery or feeding-out mechanism. It may be foundconvenient to have the receiving and delivery mechanisms arrangedadjacent to each other, and they are so shown, also as located near themiddle of one of the parallel stretches of the carrier, the\ trimming,roughing and brushing mechanisms also being disposed in series on thesame side of the carrier while the adhesive-applying, covenattaching andcover-breaking mechanisms are shown arranged in opposite series alongthe other stretch of the carrier.

Suitable receiving means are provided;

and are herein shown (see Figs. 1, 3, and 7) as comprising tables 1 1and 14b conveniently located with respect to the clamps, and alsomechanism for separating the plates 12 and beds 11, so that the group ofleaves or signatures may be properly deposited therein and for allowingthe plate and beTd to then firmly clamp them, so that they may beconveyed by the carrier to the respective mechanisms to be subjected tothe then, inv the receiving or feeding-in position.

The 'said rail receives its proper motion by any suitable connections,such connections being herein shown as arms 17, suitably linked to thesaid rail, and fixed on a shaft 18, which receives an oscillatorymovement by proper connections with the driving mechanisms, theconnections shown comprising an arm 19 co-acting with a cam 20 fixed onthe shaft 3, (see Figs. 1, 7):

Next in order, in the illustrated embodiment, is arranged the trimmermechanism (see Figs. 2 and 4). As herein shown, said mechanism.comprises a clamping device 21, for the lower edges of the books and amoving knife 21-, said knife being arranged to move in a plane parallelto that of the path of t 'avel of the carrier. The clamp L1 is arrangedto engage the lower edge of a group of leaves or signatures held in thecarrier clamp, and to hold the same firmly against a cutting bed 21-3while the knife 24 removes the protruding, foided over portions in thecase of signatures, and in the case of loose leaves the protrudingedges, so as to insure a uniform back surface. In the present embodimentthe clamp is connected by me: us of a rod 25 to a lever :26 mounted upona shaft 27, and having its other and cooperating with a. cam 28 mountedupon the shaft 3. Suitable means for varying or adjusting the pressureof the clamping jaws may be provided. As shown, the same comprises ahandwheel nut 9.9 threaded upon the end of the rod and arranged to rngage the clamp 21; It is desirable to give the knife a diagonal movementwith relation to the bed and in the present embod ment of the ini'entimimeans for 5 ing such a movement to the knife 24 have been provided. Aswillbo seen from Fig. 2, the said knife is pivoted to a fixed portion ofthe frame by links 30 and re ieives move ment from the power shaft 3,through the medium of a cam 31 arranged to act. upon .an arm 32 fixed ona rock shaft 372, which s connected to the knife by means of an arm- 33and link 93.

Arranged adjacent to the trimming mechanism is a mechanism which isadapted to roughcn the trimmed backs of the books so to better preparethem for receiving the adhesive or binding material. Such mechanism maybe of any suitable or dcsirable form and is herein shown (see F 2, 5,11, and 12) as comprising sprint pressod disk ciamps adapted to hold theedges of the leaves or signatures firmly while they are being operatedupon by rough and suitably positioned to contact with the back of-thcbook as it is brought into operative relation thereto by the carrier.Any suitable means may be provided for conveying the chips and dust awayfrom the-cut-- ters and the brush. Such means are herein shown ascomprising a suitable casing 39- and an exhaust fan 39 driven from shaft2 by a belt 39".

Next in order along the path of the carrier, intheillustratedembodiment, are arranged suitable mechanisms for applyingan adhesive and binding substance to the back of the books. Suchmechanism, or mechanisms, may be of any suitable or convenient form, andare herein shown (see Figs. 2 and 5) as a series of fountains 40, forholding an adhesive which may be in a liquid or semi-liquid state. Theapplyingmeans may be of any suitable or desired form. As shown, the sameconsists of rolls 41, one for each fountain, rotating in the ad h osivematerial and positioned so as to contact with the back of the books whenbrought into operative relation thereto by the carrier. Suitable drivingmeans may be provided of any desired fornnand a form of such means isshown in the drawings comprising a shaft 42 geared to shaft 3 andconnected with the shafts of the rolls 41 by a sprocket and chain gear42.

In accordance with one feature of the invention there is attached alayer of fibrous material, preferably consisting of cotton batting(although crash, or other suitable substance may be used) to the back ofthe book for the purpose of more firmly binding the back edges of theleaves together and also for uniting more firmly the cover and backedges of the leaves. lVith these aspects of the invention in view, meansfor performing the said operation are provided, and one form of suchmeans is shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawings, the sameforming an embodiment of one feature of the invention. The said meansembraces a stationary support for the fibrous layers or strips and meansfor taking the strips from the support and applying them to the backs ofthe books. The illustrated embodiment of such means comprises ahorizontal table 43 suitably fixed upon the machine frame and avertically movable table 45 having a series of guide slots in whichslide a series of fin-- gers 46, having at their ends upturned gageportions 47. The said fingers 46 are arranged to move horizontally intoslots 44 of the table 43 and form a conveyer in that they act to receivethe strip of cotton batting or other backing material when the table 45is down, then to move out ofthe slots 44 and convey the material fromthe table 43 to a point beneath the carrier, the material beingpositioned accurately by the gage portions 47, the table 45 then beingmoved with its fingers 46 upwardly to press the material onto the backedge of the book. As shown, the fingers 46 are connected together attheir inner ends, and they are given a longitudinal movement to and fromthe table 43 by a cam 51 fixed on the shaft 3 and connected with thefingers by links 48, rock arms 49 and 50 and the adjustable link 52, theadjustment of the link 52 being for the purpose of properly positioningthe strip for books of ditlerent widths. The slotted table 45 is mountedupon a rod 53, slidably carried by the frame of the machine, and withits free end resting upon one end of a lever 54, the other end of whichengages a suitable cam 55 carried on the shaft 3.

Means for applying the cover are next arranged along the path of thecarrier, in the illustrated embodiment, and as regards the generalfeatures of the invention such means may be of any suitable form. In theform herein shown (see Figs. 1, 3, and 10) said means comprise a table56, carrying a'stack of cover blanks, said table being adapted-to liftthe top blank of the stack into contact with the back of the book, so asto .attach theblank to the book by the adhesive material a threadedshaft 57 upon which the table is mounted and having a nut 58 threadedthereon but being restrained from rotation therewith. Contacting at oneend with the nut 58 is a pivoted lever 59, its other end cooperatingwith a cam 60 fixed upon the shaft 3. It will be understood that undeithe action of the cam and lever the nut 58 and rod 57' will have anup-and-down motion, carrying with it the table 56 and the stack ofcovers lying thereon. Suitable guides for properly registering andholding in alinement the stack of covers are provided and are hereinshown as longitudinally and transversely adjustable fingers 61 and 61,respectively. The members of each set of fingers are'preferablyindependently covers, the adjustment being effected in each case by asuitable screw rod and hand wheel as shown. As the covers are removedfrom a stack, it is necessary to lift the same gradually to keep the topthereof constantly in position to bring the top blank into propercontact with the book. This is effected, in the present embodiment, bychanging the relation of the table '56 to the nut 58 through rotation ofthe screw-threaded rod 57 in the nut 5S by suitable actuating means. Thesaid actuating means for the rod 57, as illus trated, comprises both anautomatic and manually-operated means'for efiecting the desired result.Connected to the said rod 57 by miter gears 62 is "a shaft 63, havingfixed thereon a ratchet wheel 64c, actuated by a pawl 65, which in turnreceives movement from a cam 68 of shaft 3 through a link 66 and twoarms on a transverse rock shaft 67. A handwheel 69 is provided on theshaft (53 for quickly restoring the table to a depressed position inorder to receive a new stack of covers and for the purpose of changingits relation to the feed mechanism.

After leaving the cover-attaching mechanism, the books are subjected tothe action of certain pressing and pinching mechanisms which serve topress the covers firmly onto the backs of the books and to pinch andbreak the covers around the back edges of the books. In the illustratedembodiment (see Figs. 1 and 6) the said pinching or breaking mechanismcomprises a bed 70, and/a pair of jaws 70, all of such length as toengage three of the books in the carrier and having such inutualrelation and such relation to the books as to engage the backs of thebooks and to grasp the covers and th edges of the books contiguousthereto and firmly press them together and fold the covers sharply overthe edges of the books. The said bed 70 is mounted to slide verticallyand is lifted intermittently to cause it to press the covers against thebacks of the books by means of a pair of levers 71 suitably fulcrumed onthe base of the machine and operated by a pair of cams 71 on the shaft.3. The said jaws are slid-ably mounted in a suitable manner, as uponrods 71, fixed to the bed 70. .s shown, the jaws 70 arc connected bysuitable trains of link-andlever mechanism, designated generally by thereference numeralTQ, and clearly shown in Fig. 6, to a shaft 73, whichis oscillated through the medium of a link 74 by a cam '75 carried uponthe shaft 3. Suitable adjusting means are provided for the purpose ofvarying and determining the amount of pressure to be applied by the jawsand to enable them to operate upon books of different thicknesses, theform of such adjusting means herein shown comprising screwthreaded rods74, upon which the fulcra of one pair of levers of the link-and-levermechanism for the jaws is threaded. The said screw rods may be providedwith handwheels 70 for convenience in turning.

The machine may be arranged so that the books after being subjected tothe last mentioned operations are-carried by the carrier for somedistance while the adhesive material is setting. After such material hasset to some degree, it may be found advantageous to administer a finalpressing to the back of the now completely bound and cov ered book, andin Figs. 1 and 8 of the drawings one form of mechanism for effectingthis is shown. Suitably arranged contiguous to the carrier is a pad orface 7 6 mounted tocome in. contact with the book when the-same is inproper operative position, and to recede therefrom after having exerteda proper pressure upon the back thereof. To

furnish this movement the said face or pad is shown as mounted upon arod77, vertically 'slidable in the frame of the machine, and having fixedthereto a friction roll 78, contacting with a cam 79 on the shaft 3. Apressure is thus applied perpendicularly to the plane of the book backand while the book is at rest.

The completed book is now delivered from the machine by suitable means.lVhile any suitable means may be employed for this purpose, as regardssome aspects of the invention,v the means shown are constructedaccording to one feature of the invention. In the illustrated embodiment(see Figs. 1 and 7) said means comprises mechanism for throwing off theplate 12 in order to release the books from the pressure of the clamps,and mechanism for receiving and conveying away the books as they passout of the clamps. The opening means for the clamps preferably and asshown consist of a pair of fingers 15, like the fingers 15, for openingthe clamp to receive the books and like said fingers 15 mounted on thebar 16 which is constructed of such length as to receive both pairs offingers. Arranged directly beneath the clamps as they open are curvedguiding plates 80, which serve, as the books slide downwardly from theclamps, to lay the covers in place along the sides of the boo-ks. Thebooks are then received upon acurved recciving table 81, located justbelow the carrier at the above described point,

which deflects them. positioned upon their sides, on to a travelingconveyor, shown as a series of traveling tapes 82, which carry themoutwardly to be removed by hand or otherwise. The tapes are driven inany suitable way, as by a belt 83 which receives motion from a smallpulley on shaft 8 and transmits the motion by a pulley 84 and gears 85to one of the rollers on which the tapes 82 are mounted.

In Fig. 13 of the drawings is shown a form of book bound in the mannerhereinbefore described, the leaves being indicated lgy m, the fibrousstrip by y, and the cover The manner f operation of the variousmechanisms which go to make up the machine having been described inconnection with the construction thereof, the operation of the machineas a whole will be readily understood by those skilled in the artwithoutfurther description, as will also the results produced andadvantages attained other than those hereinbefore specified.

The embodiment of my invention herein shown and described is adapted tobind and cover books by the method and manner in accordance with which agroup of signatures or leaves is firmly held, the back is trimmed or cutaway, after which the back is roughened or abraded, cleaned, receivesone or more applications of an adhesive and then has a fibrous stripapplied thereto, then the cover which is pressed into place and .brokenalong the edges of the back. The back is then allowed to set somewhat,the back receives a final pressing and the cow ered book is deliveredfrom the machine. It is to be understood that the invention as regardscertain of its features is not limited to machines used in connectionwith this particular process and manner of covering and binding, nor isit limited to the particular mechanisms illustrated, nor to theparticular constructions or arrangements of the mechanisms illustrated,nor to any particular constructions by which the invention has been ormay be carried into effect as many changes may be made in theconstruction and arrangement ofthe parts without departing from the mainprinciples of the invention and without sacrificing its chiefadvantages.

What I do claim as my invention and desire: to secure by Letters Patent,is:

1. A book binding and covering machine having in combination an endlesscarrier provided with a holder for a book, said carrier having its pathof travel lying in a substantially horizontal plane and havingright-line stretches, and mechanisms for performing, respectively, uponthe book carried by the carrier various operations involved in bindingand coverin said mechanisms being arranged in series part along onestretch and part along another.

2. A book binding and covering machine having in combination an endlesscarrier provided with a holder for a book, said carrier being arrangedso that its path of travel lies in a substantially horizontal plane, andhaving substantially, arallel stretches arranged to move in straightlines, and mechanisms for performing, -respectively, uponthe bookcarried bythe carrier various operations involved in binding andcovering, said mechanisms being arranged in oppositeseries along thesaid stretches.

book binding and covering machine havin "in combination an endlesscarrier pron ed with a series f-lmldersvfor books,

,ing in a right line, receiving and delivery said carrier being arrangedso that its path of travel lies in a substantially horizontal plane, andbeing disposed so as to include comparatively long stretches eachextend- 0 means constructed and arranged to coaot 7 with the holders onsaid carrier, clamping and trimming mechanism, roughing mechanism,brushing mechanism, adhesive-applying mechanism,cover-attachingmechanism, and cover-breaking mechanism, part of said mechanisms beingarranged along one of said right-line stretches of the carrier and partalong another of said' right-line stretches, means for intermittentlymoving so the 'carrier step-by-step to convey the books from onemechanism to the next, and means for operating said mechanisms.

4. A book binding and covering machine having in combination an endlesscarrier provided with a holder for a book, said carrier being arrangedso that its path of travel lies in a substantially horizontal plane andhaving substantially parallel stretches arranged in straight lines, areceiving mechanism, a clamping and -trimming mechanism, a roughingmechanism, and a brushing mechanism arranged in the order indicatedalong the path of the carrier .on one of said stretches and in aposition suitable for operating upon a book conveyed by the carrier, anadhesive-applying mechanism, a cover-attaching mechanism, and acover-breaking mechanism an. ranged in the order indicated along thepo'site stretch of the carrier and in a suit able positionforoperating-upon a book-conveyed by the carrier, and a delivery devicecontiguous to the receiving device. i

5. A book binding and covering m chine 1 having in combination a seriesofechanisms for performing upon books various 4 operations involved inbinding'and covering, an endless chain comprising a series of,

link members, a series of clamp parts each" clamp part wholly supportedby one of said link members and cooperating therewith to. hold abook,means for, actuating said chain for carryingthe books to the variousmech- 'anisms successively, and supports and guides for said chain, saidsupports and guides being arranged to cause the chain to move in ahorizontal orbit, and said clamp parts being located outside of theirrespective link members whereby said parts and members are adapted tocarry the books in I substantially vertical planes outside of the planesof said suppo' rts'and guides for thechain, v

6. A book binding and covering machine 5 having in combination a seriesof mechanisms for performing the various operations involved in bindingand covering, a carrier comprising a series of linkmembers having'book-engagingixsurfacesarranged in su 13o stantially vertical planes,said link members being pivotally united on axes provided with guidenumbers ,mounted vertically, guides in which the guide members travel tosupport and guide the. carrier, said guides being arranged in parallelrelation to the planes in which the book-engaging surfaces are arranged,plates carried by and parallel to said link members and springpressedtoward said link members. V

7 A book-binding and covering machine including in combination, meansfor holding a book, and mechanism for applying a strip of fibrousmaterial to the back of the book, said mechanism comprising a fixedsupport for the strip and a movable sup-.

port for the strip arranged to take the strip from the fixechsupport andapply-it to the back of the book.

8. A book binding and covering machinehaving in combination means forholding a book, and a mechanism for applying a strip of fibrous materialto the back of the book comprising a fixed horizontal support, aconveyer having means movable in the plane of the firied horizontalsupport'to remove the strip of material from the horizontal support andposition it beneath the book and being then movable to bring the stripof material into contact with the back of the book.

9. A book binding and covering machine having in combination means forholding a book, and a mechanism for applying a strip of fibrous materialto the back of the book, said mechanism comprising a table having slots,a movable conveyer provided with fingers adapted to enter said slots andhaving registering means for properly positioning the strip of fibrousmaterial upon the fingers, and means for moving the conveyer so that thestrip of material carried thereby is brought into contact with the backof the book.

10. A book binding and covering machine having in combination means forholding a book, and a mechanism for applying'a strip of fibrous materialto the back of the book, said mechanism comprising -a horizontal tablehaving slots, a movable conveyer provided with fin ers adapted to enterinto the slots in the table, and also provided with a gage forpositioning the fibrous material, and ieans for m ving the fingershorizontally into the slots in the table in order to receive the stripand then withdrawing them in order to remove and position the strip, andfor then moving the conveyer upwardly to bring the strip into contactwith the back of the book.

11. A book binding andcovering machine having in combination means forholding a book, and a mechanism fa applying a strip of fibrous materialto the back of the book, said mechanism comprising a horizontal.

table having slots, a movable conveyer provided with fingers adapted toenter into the slots in the table, and'also provided with a gage forpositioning the fibrous material,

and means for moving the fingers horizontally into the slots in thetable in order to receive the strip and then withdrawing them in orderto remove and position the strip, and means for then moving the conveyervertically to bring the strip into contact with the back of the book.

12. A book binding and covering machine having in combination means forholding a boo-k, and mechanism for applying a strip of fibrous materialto the back ofthebook, said mechanism comprising aslotted table, amovable conveyer having fingers adapted to enter the slot to receive astrip of ate-C rial, the ends of said fingers being lient up toconstitute a positioning gage for thestrip, and means for moving thefingers intothe slots to receive the strip and then-withdraw ing them toremove and position the strip, and for then moving theiconveyer so thatthe strip is brought into contact with the back of the book. x

13. A book binding and covering machine having in combination means forholding a book, means for attaching a cover -to the back of the book,means for breaking the cover around the edges of the back, said meanscomprising jaws slidable toward and from each other and fulcrumed leverslinked to said' jaws to slide them, and means for varying the relativepositions of the fulcra of the levers.

14:. A book binding and covering machine having in combination means forholding a book, means for attaching a cover to the back of the book,means for breaking the cover around the edges of the back, said meanscomprising jaws slidable toward and from each other, levers lin'ked'tosaid jaws to move them, the levers linked to one of said jaws beingfulcrumed upon traveling nuts mounted upon screw-threaded shafts, andmeans for actuating the levers.

15. A book binding and covering machine having in combination 'aseriesof mechanisms for performing the'various operations involved in bindingand covering, a carrier comprising a series of link members pivotallyconnected to each other, a plate mounted substantially parallel to eachlink member and having -a plurality of guiding pins passing throug thelink member, spring means for impe ling the plate toward the linkmember, and means coacting with the said pins to separate the plate fromthe link member in order to permit a book to' be received or delivered.

16. A book binding and covering machine having in combination a seriesofinechanisms for performing the various operations involved in bindingand covering, a carrier for a book having holding means for the bookcomprising a link member and a plate, one spring-pressed toward theother, said plate being provided with guiding pins passing through thelink member, delivery means to the conveyer and for causing'it to passto the conveyer in a horizontal plane.

18. A book binding and covering machine having in combination a carrierprovided with meansfor holding a book in a vertical plane,horizontally-disposed, endless conveying means contiguous to but on alower level than the carrier, a curved plate located below the carrierand at one end of the conveying means so disposed and arranged that as abook leaves the carrier it will be guided and deflected by the plate soas to pass onto the conveying means in a horizontal plane. 19. A bookbindingand covering machine having -in combination a horizontallydisposed carrier comprising a member having a vertically arrangedbook-engaging sur face, a plate substantially parallel to said.

surface and spring-pressed toward it so as to constitute a holder for abook, a horizontally-disposed endless conveying means extendingoutwardly from the machine, a

curved plate below the carrier and at one end of the endless carrier solocated and arranged, that as the book leaves the carrier it will beguided and deflected by the plate -from the vertical members'of theholder onto the horizontally arranged conveying means, and means forseparating the members of the book holder when the latteris above theconveyer.

20. A book binding and covering machine having in combination, .anendless carrier provided with a series of holders for the provided witha series of holders for the books, said carrier being arranged with itspath of travel in a substantially horizontal plane and havingsubstantially parallel stretches arranged to move in straight lines,means for intermittently moving the said carrier step by step,mechanisms for performing upon the books carried by said carrier variousoperations involved in binding and covering, said mechanisms beingarranged along opposite stretches of said carrier and means forintermittently operating said mechanisms simultaneously between theoperations of the said carrier moving mechanism.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED 1 BREDENBERG. VVitn-esses: JAs. DE F. BURROUGHS, J. W'. WERNER, Jr.

Copies. this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, I). G."

